The Jerusalem Institute for Research and Digital Documentation of Cultural Heritage

Climate change poses a growing threat to tangible cultural heritage, impacting historic monuments, archaeological sites, and artifacts of immense historical, artistic, and social value. Rising sea levels, increased flooding, and coastal erosion threaten to submerge and erode ancient coastal structures. Meanwhile, extreme weather events like hurricanes and heavy rains damage heritage buildings, while fluctuating temperatures accelerate the deterioration of materials such as stone, wood, and paint. These challenges not only jeopardize the physical existence of such heritage but also affect its sustainability, as many of these sites depend on tourism and local cultural engagement for their maintenance and economic viability.

Digital tools are becoming indispensable in addressing the impact of climate change on cultural heritage. Technologies such as 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry allow for high-resolution documentation and replication of vulnerable sites and objects. Digital models can serve as precise records for restoration efforts if damage occurs and can even create virtual replicas for public access. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing enable the monitoring of environmental changes around heritage sites, identifying areas most at risk. Additionally, digital archives and virtual reality experiences preserve the knowledge and accessibility of these heritage sites, ensuring their cultural significance is not lost even if physical preservation proves challenging.

By embracing digital tools, conservationists can more effectively manage and protect cultural heritage against climate challenges. These technologies not only enhance the preservation and restoration process but also contribute to sustainable management by fostering broader public engagement through virtual tourism and education. In this way, digital innovation serves as a bridge between the past and the future, ensuring that cultural treasures endure for generations to come despite the growing risks posed by climate change.